Improved method of rolling bars of metal



' v W. BUNTON. & J. DAVIS. T

METHOD OF ROLLING BARS 01-" METAL.

No. 85,273. Patented Dec; 29, 11868.

I To. all whom it may concern? email. ttains.

@atrui QB MI NGHA M, J PENNSYLVANIA. .Letters am No. 85,273, andDecember- 29, I868.

mnov'en Mar-non: or Rome BARS or METAL."

The Schedule referred tc in the-e Letters Patent and making of the name.

.Be it known that we, WILLIAJd Bnn'ron, of Pitts-, burg, and J on DAVIs,of Birmingham, in the county of Allegheny, and State of Pennsylvania,have invented a new and useful Improvement in "the Mannfacture of Bolts;.andwe do hereby declarethe following to be a full, clear, andexactdescription thereof, rcferencebeing had to the accompanying drawing,

making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a sideelevation of a pair of cylindrical metallic rolls, with grooves forrolling iron alternately fiat, square, and round.

Figure 2 is a vertical section. of the same, through the line x-a; offig. 1.

Figure 3 is a like section,'through the' line- 40-2: of fig. 1.

Figure 4, a perspectiveview of-a round and flat bar, illustrates, inpart, our mode of rolling; and

Figure 5, a perspective view of a flat, round, and.

square bar, further illustrates our method of manufacture.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts in each. Ourinventiourelates to the manufacture of carriage-bolts, carriage-straps,clips for swingle trees, au-

ger-blanks, and other articles, one or more parts of which are round oroval,and other parts of which are fiat or square, and consists in animproved method of manufacturing such articles 'by rolling-them in a particular manner between grooved rolls of peculiar construction, fi'ombars rectangular in cross-section;

To enable others skilled in the-art tomake and use our invention, wewill proceed to deseribethe same, with particular reference to themanufacture of carriage-bolts,,the mode of operation in the manufactureof the other articles named or referred-to being subs ntially the same,

n ciuriage-boltstherc are required a head round,

square, or hexagonal, a square shoulder under the head, and a roundshank. below the square shoulder. Efforts have been made to roll thesquare .shoulder and round shank from a square rod or bar, but in doingso certain difiiculties have been encountered:

First, the rod or bar must obviously be at least large enough to fillthe square part of thegrooves,

and such a rod or bar, when it comes to the round part of the grooves,must necessarily be drawn or reduced so as to form a round of a diameternot longer than the length of the side of the square. Such reduction ofasquare to a round almost invariably results in the formation ofa flashor fin on each side of the round 1at the part of the rolls, and ofcourse the rod is useless tlll such flash or fin is removed or workedin.

Second, it a square rod or bar be used larger than the square part ofthe groove, such a flash or fin will bcforined along both sides of boththe square and round in the bar produced.

other rolls.

The practical ditficulties thus arising frorn, the formation of a flasho'rfin we obviate by rolling round I 'or oval and flat or square ironfrom a flat bar, such bar being passed through onits edge between rollsgrooved for forming the square and roundparts successively, thethickness of the barto be operated on. al-

' ways being a little less than the breadth of the grooves;

In this way we secure the requisite draught to carry the rod or barthrough between the rolls, and also provide room, between the sides ofthe bar and the sides of,the grooves, for the spread of the iron,without its being forced'out between the rolls into a flash or fin. Therolls, as is well known, have both a drawing. anda reduc-ing action, the"latter being that which tends-to form the flash or fin.

Now, our invention consists, in part,;n1 making both the square andround sections of the grooves of a breadth a little greater than thethickness of the bar to be operated on, and for some purposes,though-not always necessary, we make the round or oval sections of thegrooves of a diameter a little greater than the length of a side of thesquare section. But this will seldom be. necessary, since anoval-bottomed groove, other things being equal, will draw the ironsomewhat more than a square-bottomed groove. Hence, the tendency to forma flash or fin when rollin g a flat bar on its edge,

will, in the former, be so much less. Thus, there is left a little spacebetween the sides of the rodor bar and the sides of the round and squaregroove, for the spread of the iron under the reducing-action of therolls. Hence, We reduce the iron only so much as is necessary to ill thegrooves, and are enabled to roll iron "alternately round, oval, flat, orsquare, without flash or fin, from a flat bar, inxa single of rolls,

'by a single pass and continuous rolling.

a a are a pair of cylindrical metallic rolls, mounted in anysuitable'housingab, and connected by gear- By couplingsli, we connectthem with These rolls, a a, are, in the drawing, so grooved asto-illustrate our invention.

wheels 1;.

The grooves 0.0, in oneend of the rolls, are made round and square,tnatis to say, one or more parts e of the grooves are, in each roll,semicircular in crosssection, so that, when the rolls operate, thegrooves c at those points will give a circular aperture. Other parts, 0,of the groove, in each roll, are the. half of a square, so that as therolls ac play against each other at those points, such grooves will givea square aperture.

in the opposite ends of. the rolls a a we have shown a'somewhatdiii'erent construction of grooves, s 8 being semicirculargrooves, whichgive a round aperture, as

before, for reducing the rod or bar to a round, and s s being narrower,but of such width and depth as to give a rectangular aperture. Thegrooves-c n are designedto roll round and square iron; the grooves ss'to roll round and flat iron.

Figs.- 4 and 5 illustrate, by views somewhat enlarged, the chamcmr'ofthe-work 'we do. In {fig/4, e is the round part of a bar as formed inthe grooves, s,

uni c the fiat part, as formed in the grooves a. Infig. 5, f is a partof a bar, rectangularin cross-section,

but which may be oi'anyother shape in which the depth shall begreaterthan the breadth. From such a bar, in square grooves o and roundgrooves c, we roll the square? g"znid the round g. r

The length and order or arrangement of ,the differcntly shaped grooves'01 c with reference to each other, may be varied at pleasure, or so asto be adapted to the work to be done, and, if so desired, all threegrooves may be arranged successively and wntinuously around the rolls aa, so as to produce a continuous bar of alternately round, flat,and'square iron, in figa'i.

Iihe feature of our invention, on which we lay particular stress, isthis: that the bar from which, in the rolls described, we rolliron'alternately round and fiat, or round and square or round, flat, andsquare, must he broader in one direction than in the other, or, in otherwords, its depth must be greater than the distance between the bottomsofthe grooves at the point ofbite, and its thickness must be less thanthe breadth of the squale part c of the groove, and not in excess of thebreadth of the part s, which formsthe fiat part c of the finished bar,and also that the bar must he passed through the rolls on its edge. Theconsequence, then, is that the flat barf, passed on its edge. throughthe grooves c 0, being thinner than those grooves are wide, will, underthe action of the rolls a a, be both drawn and reduced, the drawingaction of the rolls operating to lengthen-the bar andthe reducing actionof the rolls operating to spread But the bar being thinner than thegrooves are wide, there will be left sufiieient room between the bar andthe sides of the grooves for the spread of the iron under thereducingaction of the rolls. Consequently, the bar will spread 'outalternately into a round andsquarc shape, without being forced out intoa flash or .fin at the part of the rolls.- The same is-true of rolling aflat bar in grooves s s, or in grooves so shaped and arrangedas reproduce aiia-t, a l'lNllili/d and :Nsquarc iron:

the some bar, at a single pass, and in continuous rolling. In order thatthe bar 'may he passed through thorolls on its edge, we use guides h,which are supported or held iii-place in any convenient way. b'uchguides shouldbe so set that they will feed the bar accurately "into themiddleot' the grooves, and while it is passing in, hold it rigidly in avertical posit-ion.

' A delivering-guide, 'Nl, isplaccd on the rear of the rolls, to deliverthe barns it comes through.

1 The grooves c 8' may, if so desired, have inclined or bevelled sides,so as to give other than l'igllt-ztllgihd corners to the strap part ofthe article producedQ ()nr invention is -applicable not only to rollingthe round shank and square shoulder of carriage or other bolts, with asquare or fiatpart to be upset into ahead, .but also to' the making otlother articles, which at some stage of the man ut'acture have to bebrought to a shape alternately round or oval, and flator square, such asthoseherc'inbeiore named.

What we claimas our invention, a-nd'desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-- The method, herein described, of rolling successively differentsections of a bar of lnctnl to different forms.

In testimony whereof, we, the said WILLIAM BUN- TON and JOHN DAVIS, havehereunto set our hands;

WILLIAM BUNTON. J OHN DAVIS.

Witnesses:

A. S. Nrononsos, G. H.- Omus'rr.

